Overview
King Sejong the Great (May 15, 1397 – March 30, 1450) was the fourth king of the Joseon Dynasty and is considered the greatest monarch in Korean history. He is best known for creating Hangul, the Korean alphabet.
Basic Information
| Born | May 15, 1397 |
|---|---|
| Died | March 30, 1450 (aged 52) |
| Reign | 1418-1450 (32 years) |
| Birth Name | Yi Do |
| Father | King Taejong |
Creation of Hangul (1443-1446)
Sejong's greatest achievement was the creation of Hangul, the Korean writing system. He created it so that common people could easily learn to read and write.
Features of Hangul
- Scientific and systematic writing system
- Consonants based on speech organ shapes
- Vowels based on heaven, earth, and human principles
- Easy to learn and highly expressive
Scientific Achievements
| Invention | Year | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rain Gauge | 1441 | World's first standardized rain gauge |
| Sundial (Angbuilgu) | 1434 | Portable sundial |
| Water Clock (Jagyeongnu) | 1434 | Self-striking water clock |
| Armillary Sphere | 1433 | Astronomical instrument |
Legacy
- Hangul Day (October 9) - National holiday
- Statue at Gwanghwamun Square
- Portrait on 10,000 won banknote
- King Sejong Institutes worldwide